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Abstract: The authors focus their attention on the linguistic analysis and tutorial interpretation of a non-fiction text that contains reasoning about the start-up economic phenomenon. While defining their theoretical positions, the authors compare Russian tripartite typology of functional-semantic types of speech with the five-membered text typology adopted in international practice. They focus their attention on the text types that they define as «cognitive voluntative». The authors rely on the results of previously conducted analyses of these text types, which allows them to take as the object of research in this article the characteristic of the extra-linguistic as well as proper linguistic reasons for the differentiation of the three main text types that reflect human mentality: explanation, argumentation and instruction. The purpose of the article is to show the interrelation of explanation, argumentation and instruction within the frame of the reasoning model as exemplified by an analysis of a specific text. In the meantime, the authors demonstrate the linguistic and tutorial potential of the analyzed text. The presented linguistic and tutorial model of learning the structural, notional and verbal peculiarities of a text can be implemented in the classroom not only with this text, but with texts of this type in general. The article is useful for teachers of Russian who prepare their students for the Russian Unified State Exam, the final school essay or PISA.