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Abstract: Taking into account the introduction of new archival data into the study, the article restores and analyzes the history of the Moscow Linguistic School of the post-Fortunatovs’ period, which we associate with the name of D. N. Ushakov. In the 1920s and early 1940s he was a key figure in the restructuring of linguistic education in the country and consistently defended the linguistic traditions laid down by F. F. Fortunatov. The article talks about scientific circles, in the depths of which the generation of “Ushakov sons” grew up. The contradictory views and assessments of the trends of the 1920s which indicated the search for new directions in language learning are noted. It is emphasized, on the one hand, the traditionalism of D. N. Ushakov as F. F. For- tunatov’s successor and, on the other, the flexibility of the scientist to penetrate fresh hypotheses, the focus on the practical implementation of topical problems of that time: a systematic description of dialects, the estab- lishment of norms of literary speech, work on the theory and practice of compiling dictionaries, etc. Special at- tention is paid to the core of the D. N. Ushakov’s School – to his students, who later developed many experi- mental ideas of synchronic linguistics. Interesting facts are discussed from the conversations of V. D. Duvakin with A. A. Reformatsky, in which the reception of events in the linguistic life of Moscow in the 1920s and 1930s is con- ducted from the closest person of the “Ushakov’s son”. For the first time materials on the election of D. N. Ushakov to the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1939 are published and commented on, the reasons for the rejection of his can- didacy for the title of academician are revealed. Photocopies of unique documents from archival sources and the personal collection of the author of the article are placed. They show D. N. Ushakov and his entourage in a cultural and historical setting and supplement text with new factual data. The conclusion is made about the originality and integrity of D. N. Ushakov’s ideas, their focus on the future. Even during the most difficult periods of history associated with Marrism the scientist did not deviate from the tradition of the Moscow Linguistic School. It is claimed that due to his ascetic activity, personal qualities of an organizer of science and an educator the core of this School was preserved during the Soviet period.

About the author(s) :

Vladimir M. Alpatov

Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia)

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4323-2832

 

Oleg V. Nikitin

Petrozavodsk State University (Petrozavodsk, Russia)

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2815-6691

Publication Timeline:

Date of receipt: 18.12.2023; date of publication: 30.12.2023

References:

Sources

ARAN – Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow).

Archive ILI RAN – Archive of the Institute for Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Saint Peters- burg).

SPbF ARAN – Saint Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Saint Peters- burg).

TSGA Moskvy – Central State Archive of Moscow (Moscow).

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